Para facilitar la asistencia a la reunión al mayor número posible de familias, debido al cambio de horario de comedor y teniendo en cuenta nuestras circunstancias personales para poder realizar la reunión, pues no podemos retrasar más la hora en el día de mañana, hemos creído conveniente cambiarla al próximo martes 6 de octubre a las 16.30h.
Juan vivía en Madrid cuando era pequeño, pero tuvo que mudarse a Barcelona, años después a su padre le despiden de su trabajo, por lo que tuvieron que volver a Madrid.
Juan se sorprendió al ver que todo había cambiado al volver a su antigua ciudad todo era distinto, incluso la casa donde vivían.
A Juan lo ingresaron en el instituto val-inclán donde no tenía amigos con los que hablar
ni jugar. Al llegar empezó a hablar con sus compañeros para presentarse a ellos que les dijeron sus nombres: Valérie (una chica francesa), Javier (un chico normal), Paloma ( una chica alegre). Juan se enamoró de paloma nada más verla e incluso la acompañó a su casa que resulto ser su vecina. A la semana siguiente Paloma le pide que se escape con ella del instituto, el sin pensar dijo si. Nada más estar lejos empezaron a: Pasear, jugar y comer en locales. Ese mismo día Juan le preguntó si tenía novio y le contestó que salía con Javier, Juan se disgustó porque faltó al instituto por ella y no le habló más.
A la mañana siguiente vio que todo el mundo hablaba sobre algo era el moco la profesora que bajaba puntos por fallar a sus preguntas, ha vuelto dicía la gente le dijeron como era ella y Valerie le habló de ella y como loco se enamoró de ella cambiando de
Animo al volver estar feliz ya volvía a tener una posible novia que le dijo si al preguntarle.
La Triple Alianza: Imperio Austrohúngaro, Imperio Alemán e Italia, aunque esta última no participaría en la guerra a favor de las también denominadas Potencias Centrales sino que apoyaría más tarde al bando enemigo. Bulgaria y el Imperio Otomano apoyaron al bloque de potencias centrales o imperiales.
La Triple Entente: Reino Unido, Francia e Imperio Ruso. Más tarde se unió Estados Unidos. Serbia, Rumanía, Grecia e Italia se unieron a la causa del también llamado bando aliado.
1. INTRODUCCIÓN
¿Qué fue la Primera Guerra Mundial?¿Cuándo se produjo?¿Qué países enfrentó?¿Por qué sucedió?¿Cómo acabó?
Por petición popular, en esta entrada os dejo un breve resumen de la Primera Guerra Mundial para que podáis tener una idea general del conflicto en menos de dos minutos de lectura.
Espero que os sirva como inquietud cultural o material académico. 🙂
2. RESUMEN DE LA PRIMERA GUERRA MUNDIAL
La Primera Guerra Mundial fue uno de los mayores conflictos bélicos de la #historia.
Se desarrolló durante algo más de cuatro años —comenzó el 28 de julio de 1914 y finalizó el 11 de noviembre de 1918— principalmente en Europa, enfrentando a las principales potencias de aquella época: la Triple Alianza (originalmente: Alemania, Austria-Hungría e Italia) contra la Triple Entente(Rusia, Francia y el Reino Unido). (*) Italia acabaría uniéndose a la Triple Entente un año más tarde (1915) debido a un conflicto de intereses con el Imperio austro-húngaro.
El enfrentamiento tuvo una principal causa: el imperialismo, es decir, el afán de todos estos países por expandirse y conquistar territorios de interés en una época sin precedentes de crecimiento científico-tecnológico, económico y cultural (la famosa «Belle Époque»: la «bella época» en español).
Sin embargo, curiosamente, el verdadero desencadenante de la guerra fue el asesinato del heredero del Imperio austro-húngaro —el archiduque Francisco Fernando— en una visita a Sarajevo (Serbia). El crimen fue llevado a cabo por un grupo nacionalista serbio conocido como «Mano Negra», en respuesta a las políticas expansionistas de Austria-Hungría en los Balcanes. Este hecho provocó un conflicto diplomático que desembocó en una declaración de guerra oficial del Imperio austro-húngaro a Serbia un mes después del suceso (28-7-1914); y esta a su vez desencadenó una reacción en cadena que, para entenderla bien, habría que retroceder algunas décadas en la historia. Principalmente, Rusia movilizó a su ejército para ayudar a Serbia. Consecuentemente, Alemania declaró también la guerra a Rusia. Francia, por una relación de alianza con Rusia previa al conflicto, entró automáticamente en la guerra. Finalmente, Reino Unido se unió al enfrentamiento cuando Alemania invadió Bélgica (para evitar que siguiese su avance y conquistara Francia).
La ofensiva, de esta manera, tuvo dos principales frentes: el frente occidental (al oeste de Europa: Alemania contra Francia y Reino Unido) y el oriental (al este de Europa: Alemania contra Rusia y Austria-Hungría contra Rusia). (*) Al frente occidental acabaría uniéndose Estados Unidos del lado de Francia y Reino Unido, tras el bombardeo de submarinos alemanes a barcos con tripulación estadounidense que trataban de llevar aprovisionamientos al Reino Unido.
El frente occidental consistió en una larga guerra de desgaste en trincheras sin movimientos ofensivos relevantes; y el frente oriental en una batalla de caballerías que se determinó por los avances del eje central (Alemania y Austria-Hungría) y la inestabilidad interna de Rusia, que acabó con la monarquía del país en la llamada Revolución de Febrero. En consecuencia, Rusia firmó un acuerdo de paz con las potencias centrales en marzo de 1918. Por su parte, Austria-Hungría solicitaría un armisticio en noviembre de ese mismo año debido a su debilitamiento en los Balcanes; y Alemania, aunque se adjudicó parte de los territorios occidentales rusos tras su rendición y pudo centrar todos sus esfuerzos en el desgastado frente occidental, acabaría replegándose y firmando un armisticio el 11 de noviembre de 1918. La guerra llegó así a su fin con un cómputo superior a los 15 millones de muertos y la victoria del bloque aliado.
Cinco años justos después del comienzo de la contienda se firmó el Tratado de Versalles (28-6-1919) que obligó a Alemania y Austria-Hungría a asumir la responsabilidad moral y material de la guerra, a desarmarse militarmente y a realizar importantes cesiones territoriales y económicas al bloque vencedor.
Potencias aliadas de la Segunda Guerra Mundial
Comenzamos hablando de los bandos enfrentados en la Segunda Guerra Mundial descubriéndote las potencias del Eje. Las tres naciones principales que formaban el Eje fueron Alemania, Italia y el Imperio de Japón. A estas tres potencias se le unieron otros países que desempeñaron un papel de apoyo o ayuda, bien con tropas o suministros pero sin intervenir de manera decisiva.
El segundo de los bandos enfrentados en la Segunda Guerra Mundial fue el que, al final, resultó ganador: los aliados. Las potencias aliadas principales son Francia y Reino Unido que fueron los primeros en declarar la guerra a Alemania tras la invasión de Polonia. Ya una vez comenzada la guerra se le unieron a estos dos, Estados Unidos y la Unión Soviética.
1. INTRODUCCIÓN
¿Qué fue la Segunda Guerra Mundial?¿Cuándo se produjo?¿Qué países enfrentó?¿Por qué sucedió?¿Cómo acabó?
En esta entrada os dejo un breve resumen de la Segundo Guerra Mundial para que podáis tener una idea general del mayor conflicto bélico de nuestra #historia en menos de dos minutos de lectura.
Espero que os sirva como inquietud cultural o material académico. 🙂
2. RESUMEN DE LA SEGUNDA GUERRA MUNDIAL
La Segunda Guerra Mundial (1939-1945) fue una contienda armada internacional que involucró a prácticamente todas las naciones del mundo.
Se desarrolló durante seis años y un día —comenzó el 1 de septiembre de 1939 y finalizó el 2 de septiembre de 1945— enfrentando principalmente a las potencias del Eje (Alemania, Italia y Japón) contra los Aliados (Francia y Reino Unido), a los que acabarían uniéndose en 1941 Estados Unidos (tras el ataque japonés a Pearl Harbor) y la Unión Soviética (después del intento de Alemania por conquistar Stalingrado).
La guerra tuvo una causa similar al de la Primera Guerra Mundial: el afán de Alemania, Italia y Japón de expandir sus dominios territoriales.
El desencadenante oficial que hizo estallar el conflicto fue la invasión de Alemania a Polonia el 1 de septiembre de 1939 (una Alemania a la que se le prohibió rearmarse después de causar/ser derrotada en la PGM), lo que provocó la declaración inmediata de guerra de Francia y el Imperio británico.
En este punto, el avance de la contienda se dividió en tres grandes frentes:
– El frente continental: Alemania contra los Aliados por el control de Europa.
– El frente en los Balcanes y el Norte de África: Italia (con la ayuda alemana) contra los Aliados por la conquista de estos territorios.
– El frente en el Pacífico: Japón contra los Aliados (más la incorporación de los Estados Unidos en el conflicto después del ataque japonés a la base militar estadounidense de Pearl Harbor el 7 de diciembre de 1941) por el control del Pacífico y Asia Oriental.
Los tres focos de batalla acabaron con victoria aliada. Las primeras derrotas del Eje llegaron en los Balcanes y en el Norte de África, donde los Aliados los obligaron a replegarse. Al mismo tiempo, Alemania, alentada tras conseguir conquistar gran parte de Europa continental, traicionó su pacto de neutralidad con la Unión Soviética y trató de invadirla; acabando derrotada en la Batalla de Stalingrado. Mientras, en Europa Occidental, la unión de fuerzas aliadas consiguieron recuperar el dominio europeo y conquistar Berlín (capital de Alemania), entre otras ofensivas, con el famoso Desembarco de Normandía. Por último, en el pacífico, Japón perdía cada vez más territorios, especialmente después de la inclusión de Estados Unidos en la guerra tras el ataque a Pearl Harbor. Este último frente se sentenció con el bombardeo nuclear estadounidense de Hiroshima y Nagasaki el 6 y 9 de agosto de 1945, forzando al Imperio japonés a declarar su rendición incondicional el 2 de septiembre de ese mismo año, dando por finalizada así la guerra más mortífera de la historia.
Las principales consecuencias de la Segunda Guerra Mundial fueron: la caída de los regímenes fascistas de Alemania e Italia, el fin del imperialismo japonés, la destrucción de una importante parte de Europa, Asia y Oceanía, la muerte de más de 60 millones de personas y la creación de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas el 24 de octubre de ese año mismo año para asegurar la paz internacional y la prevención de futuros conflictos.
Material a traer el lunes individualmente para carnaval:
PERIÓDICOS , DIADEMA DE PELO , UNA BROCHA POR GRUPO , CAMISA VIEJA PARA NO MANCHAR LA ROPA CON LA PINTURA , BUFANDAS DE COLORES DE PELOS (COMO LAS DE COTILLÓN) Y CAMISA CON MUCHO COLOR .
Collares de carnaval.
Camisas de este estilo. muy coloridas.
Pero a poder ser de manga larga o una sudadera para que no paséis frío.
O bien una sudadera de color chillón como amarilla, verde, etc, no hace falta comprase una.
The meaning of nutrition in living beings: nutrition as an exchange of matter and energy. Humans as heterotrophs.
Overview of the nutrition in humans; organ systems involved (digestive system, respiratory system, circulatory system and excretory system).
The digestive system anatomy: alimentary canal and accessory glands.
Stages of the digestive system work: ingestion, digestion (types, stages, enzymes), absorption and elimination.
Ventilation and respiration as contributing processes to human nutrition.
The respiratory system anatomy: respiratory pathways, lungs, ribcage.
The respiratory system physiology: breathing movements, gas exchange, breathing rhythm control.
Components of the blood: plasma and blood cells (types and functions).
The cardiovascular system: blood vessels (types and roles); the heart (structure and function); cardiovascular circuits.
Overview of the lymphatic system.
The urinary system: its role in homeostasis and waste disposal; structure and function of the kidney; structure and function of the nephrons; composition of the urine as compared to the blood.
The sweat glands: their role in homeostasis and waste disposal; composition of the sweat as compared to the blood.
Types of nutrients.
Types of foods.
Balanced diets; basal metabolic rates.
Specific diets: for weight management, for sports, for longevity.
Food conservation, manipulation and marketing.
Food production enhancement methods and their consequences: fertilisers, pesticides, herbicides, intensive farming, GM foods.
Key Information
Vocabulary: Nutrition
Nutrition
Getting the matter and the energy that every living being needs to grow, survive and reproduce. As it also involves the removal of waste substances and residual energy, it can be described as an exchange of matter and energy with the environment.
Breathing
The movements performed by the lungs (along with the rib cage) to inhale and exhale the atmospheric air.
Respiration
The process carried by the mitochondria, whereby small energetic nutrients (monosaccharides, fatty acids) are burnt with the help of the oxygen to produce the energy that the cells need. This process also involves the removal of CO2, H2O(g), and heat.
Gas exchange
You need to convey O2 from the atmospheric air to the mitochondria and to convey the CO2produced in the mitochondria to the atmospheric air. To do this, two gas exchanges are needed: (a) between the alveoli and the blood and (b) between the blood and the cells of every organ in your body. The blood vessels that take part in both gas exchanges are always the capillaries, because of their very thin membranes.
Blood
The fluid that, amongst other things, conveys (a) the oxygen from the lungs to the cells, (b) the other nutrients from the small intestine to the cells, (c) the CO2 from the cells to the lungs, and (d) the other waste substances from the cells to the kidneys and the sweat glands.
Heart
The organ that pumps the blood throughout all the body. It has two chambers to receive the blood (right and left atria) and two others to expell the blood (the left and right ventricles). Two valves (tricuspid and mitral) control the passing of the blood from the atria to the ventricles, and two other valves (aortic and pulmonary) control the passing of the blood from the ventricles to the arteries.
Blood vessels
The organs that transport the blood throughout all the body. The arteries transport the blood from the heart to the organs (small arteries are called arterioles), the veins from the organs to the heart (small veins are called venules), and the capillaries are the very thin ones that perform the exchange of gases between the blood and the cells or the blood and the alveoli.
Excretion
Disposing of the waste substances produced by the cells. It is done through the exhalation movement of the lungs, the kidneys and the sweat glands.
Vocabulary: Digestive System
Peristalsis
The wavelike muscular contractions of the digestive tract by which its contents are forced to move onwards. It is performed by the ring-like muscles of the walls of the esophagus, the stomach and the intestines.
Bolus
The food mass that crosses the esophagus after having undergone a first digestive stage in the mouth.
Chyme
The fluid food mass that is produced in the stomach when the bolus undergoes a second digestive stage.
Chyle
The very fluid food mass that is produced in the duodenum when the chyme undergoes the third digestive stage.
Enzymes
They are special proteins that behave as catalysts, i.e., they accelerate each and every chemical reaction in your body; otherwise, those chemical reactions wouldn’t take place, or would do at a very slow pace. Enzymes are very specific and each one can catalise only one chemical reaction: for instance, the only thing that salivary amylase can do is breaking the starch into maltose.
Digestive enzymes
The enzymes that break down the long molecules in the foods into much smaller ones that can later on be absorbed into the bloodstream. The main ones are the amylases (break down carbohydrates into sugars), the proteases (break down proteins into aminoacids) and the lipases (break down the lipids into glycerol and fatty acids). They come in the following digestive juices: the saliva, the gastric juice, the pancreatic juice and the intestinal juice.
Bile
One of the five digestive juices. It is produced by the liver, stored in the gall-bladder, and it is greenish. It is necessary mostly not to carry digestive enzymes to the duodenum, but to transport bile salts to the duodenum. The bile salts are necessary to help the lipids to «dissolve» in the chyle, forming small droplets, easy to be attacked by the lipases. This process is called emulsification.
Villi
The finger-like folds in the small intestine. They increase greatly the absorption surface in the small intestine (otherwise, the absorption of the nutrients from every meal would last for weeks). To allow an easy passing of the nutrients, they are very thin. Inside them, the nutrients are collected by capillary vessels and lymphatic vessels, and end up in the bloodstream.
pH
A measurement that expresses the level of acidity of a substance: the lower the pH, the greater the acidity; the higher the pH, the greater the alkalinity. Substances with a pH of 7 are neutral, i. e., neither acid nor alkaline.
Lymph
A clear fluid that circulates through the vessels of the lymphatic system. It collects the lipids in the small intestine and transports them to the bloodstream near the neck; it also helps the maturing of the young white blood cells before they are sent to the blood.
Functions of the Digestive System
What
Where
Digestion
Breaking down the foods into small molecules that the blood can absorb later on (the nutrients) and into somewhat bigger molecules that can’t be absorbed (dietetic fibre and others).
Mouth, stomach and duodenum
Absorption
The small nutrients from the digested foods pass from the digestive tract to the blood and the lymph.
Jejunum and ileum
Elimination
The indigestible molecules of the foods and some other waste substances are expelled out of the body.
Rectum and anus
Digestive Juices
Produced by
Released to
Saliva
Salivary glands (parotids, sublinguals and submandibulars).
The digestive system at Web-books.com.A good overview, with text and images, on all the organs of the digestive system and their work. The left menu contains a link to a wide series of digestive diseases.
The digestive system at Faqs.org.Another wide overview, with text and images, on all the organs of the digestive system and their work, the digestive diseases, a glossary and additional readings.
The digestive system.To dig deeper, visit this website with lots of info and images on the digestive system.
We are more microbe than man.About a 90% of your cells are not yours: they are bacteria, most of which live in your intestines. Learn why. You can also listen to the embedded audio version of the article.
Why does my stomach growl?Whether you call it grumbling, rumbling, gurgling or growling, from time to time everybody’s belly chimes in. Learn why.
Breathing.Simple activity where you can drag the diaphragn up and down to watch the respiratory movements.
Breathing.Simple animation showing how and why air enters and leaves the lungs.
Alveoli.Simple animation showing the gas exchange in the alveoli.
The respiratory system at Web-books.com.A good overview, with text and images, on all the organs of the respiratory system and their work. The left menu contains a link to a wide series of respiratory diseases.
The respiratory system at Faqs.org.Another wide overview, with text and images, on all the organs of the respiratory system and their functions, the respiratory disorders, a glossary and additional readings.
The respiratory system.To dig deeper, visit this website with lots of info and images on the respiratory system.
Circulatory System
The cardiovascular system at Web-books.com.A good overview, with text and images, on all the organs of the circulatory system and their work. The left menu contains a link to a wide series of cardiovascular diseases.
The blood at Web-books.com.A good overview on the blood, its cells and their work. The left menu contains a link to a wide series of blood diseases.
The cardiovascular system at Faqs.org.Another wide overview, with text and images, on all the organs of the circulatory system and their work, the blood, the cardiovascular disorders, a glossary and additional readings.
How blood works.Detailed description of the composition and the function of the human blood. It contains two animations that start on page load… you might want to stop and restart them after reading the texts.
The circulatory system.To dig deeper, visit this website with lots of info and images on the circulatory system.
Heart pictures.A set of eight photos related to the heart and its working.
Label the heart.Drag and drop labelling activity of the main parts of the heart.
Urinary System
The urinary system at Web-books.com.A good overview, with text and images, on all the organs of the urinary system and their work. The left menu contains a link to a wide series of urinary diseases.
The urinary system at Faqs.org.Another wide overview, with text and images, on all the organs of the urinary system and their functions, the urinary diseases, a glossary and additional readings.
The excretory system.To dig deeper, visit this website with lots of info and images on the excretory system.
Kidney.Simple animation showing the location of a nephron in the kidney and its function.
Nutrients, Diets and Foods
Nutrition at Faqs.org.A wide overview, with text and images, on food groups, nutrients, dietary habits, diets, eating disorders, a glossary and additional readings.
How food works.A lot of interesting and detailed info about the main human nutrients. It contains some images and one animation that starts on page load… you might want to stop and restart it after reading the texts.
The mechanism of breathing and the anatomy of the organs that carry out this activity, brought vividly to life through revealing animation and x-ray motion pictures.
All EU countries are in Europe, but not all European countries are in the EU
Click on the map to understand the difference.
THE FORMATION OF THE EUROPEAN UNION
Now let´s play and discover. Click on the puzzle and you will find many games and quizzes about Europe and the Union.
EU is made up of 28 different countries. Click here to get to know them better.
Our symbols are: the flag
and the anthem
Do you know that our anthem was composed by Beethoven? It´s the «Ode to Joy», part of the Ninth Symphony. Do you want to listen to it? Click on the song above.
This map shows the location of Spain in the world. Our neighbours are: France in the north, Morocoo in the south and Portugal in the west.
Not all Spanish territories are in the Iberian peninsula. Balearic islands are in the Mediterranean Sea, and the Canary islands in the Atlantic ocean, just off the western coast of Africa. Also, there are two Spanish cities in the northern coast of Africa: Ceuta and Melilla.
The Canary Islands are seven: La Palma, El Hierro, La Gomera, Tenerife, Gran Canaria, Fuerteventura, and Lanzarote.
The Balearic Islands are five: Formentera, Ibiza, Cabrera, Mallorca, and Menorca.
Ceuta and Melilla are two Spanish territories in the north of Africa.
A border is a line or frontier that separates one country from another. The borders can be natural orpolitical.
The Pyrenees form the natural borderbetween Spain and France. In this image, the lake is in Spain, but the other side of the mountains is French territory.
The strait of Gibraltar is the natural borderbetween Spain and Morocco. In this image, the close land is in Spain, and the one beyond the ocean in Morocco.
This a political borderbetween countries. They agreed to have them where they are.
Spain is divided into seventeen Autonomous Communities and two Autonomous cities, Ceuta and Melilla.
Also, many Autonomous Communities are made up of different provinces.
Each province is also divided into many smaller municipalities. The next map shows the ones in the Community of Madrid. Some of them (in blue) have also their names written. If you want to find Torrejón de Ardoz on the map, look for Alcalá de Henares. Torrejón is on its left.
In Spain there are more than 8000 municipalities, 50 provinces (with Ceuta and Melilla) and 17 Autonomous Communities.
You can know more about your Autonomous Parliament (Madrid) by clicking on its image.
Do you know why every 6th December is a day off? You don´t go to school that day because we celebrate that Spain is a democracy. Our most important law is the Constitution. Spanish citizens approved it in 1978, 6th December. That´s why!
Other democratic countries have their own Constitutions. Now you can watch a video about the Constitution of Guatemala, which is similar to ours.
Spain is a Parliamentary Monarchy (Parliament + Monarch). This means that King Juan Carlos I is the Head of State, but he must accept the decisions made by Parliament.
The King Juan Carlos I. He is the father of the future king of Spain, Prince Felipe.
The Congress of Deputies, in Madrid, has 350 deputies.
The building on the right of the picture is the Senate. The number of senators is not fixed and varies every new election.
The Parliament of Spain is called Las Cortes. It approves laws and controls the government. The Parliament is made up of two chambers: The Congress of Deputies and the Senate. Their members are elected every four years in general elections by Spanish citizens older than 18 years old.
This video shows how some Southafrican children visited the Parliament of the adults to talk about environmental problems of their country.
The government
This building is La Moncloa. It is where the President lives. The President is in charge of the government and must explain the government´s actions to the Congress of Deputies.
The ministers help the President of the Government in many areas: education, health-care, research, defense, culture, economy etc. The next picture show the ministers of Spain in 2015.
The Courts of Justice assure that laws are obeyed. They judge anyone accused of commiting a crime.
The Supreme Court (Madrid)
The Constitutional Court (Madrid)
This photo shows the Court of Justice in Torrejón de Ardoz.
THE CONTEMPORARY HISTORY: SPAIN IN THE 20TH AND 21ST CENTURY
DIFFERENT SYSTEMS OF GOVERNMENT IN THE XX CENTURY
In the XX century in Spain we have had different systems of government:
MONARCHY This is the king Alfonso XIII REPUBLIC: Presidents: Alcalá Zamora ( 1931-1936) and (1886-1931) Manuel Azaña (1936-1939)
.
CIVIL WAR (1936-1939)
DICTATORSHIP: Franco (1939-1975)
Click here if you´d like to watch more videos of the NO DO.
At first, Spain was internationally isolated. However, beggining in 1950, the economy improved and foreign relations returned to normal. As an example of it, the next video shows the first visit of Eisenhower, president of USA, to Spain.
TRANSITION AND DEMOCRACY : Suárez (1976-1981)
After the death of Franco in 1975, Juan Carlos I was crowned King of Spain.
ADOLFO SUÁREZ
Adolfo Suárez launched a series of reforms to prepare for the first democratic elections held in Spain since 1936. As part of this preparation, political parties and unions were legalised.
Click here to listen to the radio the day the PCE (Partido Comunista de España) was legalised. That piece of news was very important. The party that Franco had prosecuted so much was being legalised at least! That´s why the journalist who read the news had been running to read it on the radio. He was exhausted!
In 1977, representatives of the major political parties, voted by the citizens, drafted a Constitution. It was approved by Parliament and by the Spanish people in 1978.
Here you have a video about the transition to Democracy in Spain
And if you click on the photo of Adolfo Suárez you´ll see a short video about his life and death from Al Jazeera, a qatari TV.
In 1981, Adolfo Suárez resigned as President of the Government. Click here to watch the video.
Leopoldo Calvo Sotelo was chosen to succeed Adolfo Suarez.
23F: THE COUP
Would you like to watch it? It is amazing! We are lucky. Nothing happened in the end thanks to these brave people! Click on the image above to watch it.
Do you want to know what the king said about the coup? Click on the image above to watch it!
THE CONSTITUTION OF 1978
Click on the image to read the Constitution 1978.
In 1978, Spaniards voted in favour of the Constitution in a referendum.
THE DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENTS
These have been the presidents of Spain since 1981 till nowadays.
Discover this painting. It will give you some clues. Unfortunatelly it is in Spanish!
During the 18th century, the Spanish population became poorer and poorer. Wars had enormous costs, kings raised the taxes… On 17th and 19th March, 1808, the Riot of Aranjuez forced Carlos IV to abdicate. His son became the new king, Fernando VII.
To read more about this riot, please, click on the image.
On 2nd May, 1808, an uprising in Madrid led to the War of Independence against France. Under Napoleon Bonaparte (the Emperor of France), the French army had occupied Spain.
Continue reading about the 2nd of May, 1808, by clicking on this image.
After the war, the king Fernando VII came back. He established an absolute monarchy andpersecuted the Liberals, who wanted to control his power. This painting shows how they were executed by order of the king.
Agregador de ContenidosAgregador de Contenidos
THE CONTEMPORARY AGE IN SPAIN
THE FIRST REPUBLIC (1873-1874)
The presidents of the First Republic were:
ALFONSO XII (1873-1885)
There is a really famous song related to this monarch. Listen to it by clicking on the image.
THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
The Industrial Revolution started in Britain, it changed people´s way of life, if you want to learn more about it click on the image.
Did you know that kids younger than you worked in factories? Watch the video about the INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
ART AND ARCHITECTURE IN THE 19TH CENTURY
The art and architecture in the 19th century also changed.
In architecture, Gaudi was the most important architect in Spain. His modernist structures were characterised by the use of iron or glass,and decorations based on shapes taken from nature.
The most important painters were Joaquín Sorolla, Santiago Rusiñol and Darío de Regoyos. Their style was impresionism.
Vocabulary SOCIAL SCIENCE lesson 3. HUMANIZED LANDSCAPES IN EU AND SPAIN
Livestock farming
Ganadería
High marks
Alta puntuación
Increase decrease
Incrementar (aumentar)- decrecer,(disminuir)
Environment
El medio ambiente
Award
Premio
Fields, meadows, pastures
Campo, prados, pastos
Dry and irrigated crops
Cultivos de secano y de regadío
Well, canals, irrigation systems
Pozo, canales, sistemas de riego
Factories, industrial park
Fábricas, polígono industrial
Facilities
Servicios
Golf course
Capo de golf
A wide variety of
Una gran variedad de
A city is chosen
Fruit trees are grown
Parks are found
Se elige una ciudad ( una ciudad es elegida)
Se cultivan arboles frutales (son cultivados)
Se encuentran parques
Trade
Comercio
Most of the population
La mayoría de la población
The main activity/ crops
La principal actividad / principales cosechas…
Refining oil
Refinar petróleo
Few transformations… Their relief
Pocas trasformaciones…. Su relieve
Scattered rural villages
Pueblos rurales diseminados (esparcidos)
HUMANIZED LANDSCAPES OF SPAIN AND EUROPE
Population and jobs
Population can be divided in two groups:
A) ACTIVE: People who are between 16 and 67 years old. They are healthy and able to work.
When they are actually working they are employed population. Unfortunatelly, they sometimes can´t find a job and they are unemployed.
B) INACTIVE: People who are not of legal working age (children under 16 and retired people) or those who don´t receive a salary (students, ill people…)
The active population works in three economic sectors:
primary, secondary and tertiary.
Trade is the buying and selling of products. These products come from the primary and secondary sectors.
Why do countries trade?
Now discover why the tourists like Spain so much as to be the third most popular country worldwide, after France and USA.
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Every year since 2010, a European city is chosen for the Green Capital Award. The award goes to cities that take measures to protect the environment. Some of the categories in the award are air quality, green areas, public transport and the use of renewable energy.
The first Green Capital was Stockholm, followed by Hamburg, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Nantes, Copenhagen and Bristol. Ljubljana in Slovenia will be the 2016 Green Capital.
When Bristol won in 2015, it got high marks in all categories. The use of renewable energy, public transport and bicycles increases every year. Bristol has good air quality, and is home to a large number of green companies. There are also lots of green areas around the city.
This makes Bristol an environmental role model for cities all over Europe – and the world!
Read and understand
What is the European Green Capital Award?
What city received the first award? When?
Have any Spanish cities received the award? What year?
Why was Bristol chosen in 2015?
Can you think of some other categories the award could include?
Look at the video of Bristol. Describe the city with a partner.
SPEAKING. Could your town or city win the award? Talk to your partner about ideas that will improve the environment where you live.
What do you remember?
Landscapes
A landscape is all the things that we see in a place: vegetation, rivers, mountains, buildings, etc.
Describe the neighbourhood where you live.
Landscapes can include natural and man-made elements. People change landscapes to adapt them to their needs by building towns and cities, roads, bridges, dams, etc. They can modify natural elements or build new elements.
Look at the photo. What man-made elements can you see? What did this place look like before people changed it?
1. Humanized landscapes in Europe
Landscapes can include natural elements, such as mountains, rivers and vegetation. A natural landscape only has natural elements.
Landscapes can also include man-made elements, such as houses, roads and bridges. Man-made elements transform natural landscapes. These landscapes are called humanized landscapes.
Varenna, on the shore of Lake Como (Northern Italy)
People transform landscapes
When we use natural resources to meet our needs, we cause changes in the landscape.
Some examples include:
Planting fields for food.
Building wells and canals for human water use.
Building roadways, railways and airports for transport.
Mining for minerals and rocks.
Building houses and hotels.
Industrial landscape
Types of humanized landscapes
Humanized landscapes in Spain
Humanized landscapes in Europe
Look at the photographs and answer the questions.
What natural elements can you see in each photo?
Describe the buildings in each landscape.
Which of these landscapes has fewer natural elements?
Explain why people transform landscapes.
Enviar respuesta Reiniciar Ejercicio
Quedan 1 intentos
SPEAKING. What is the landscape like where you live? Describe its natural elements and its man-made elements.
MATEMÁTICAS 6º – TEMA 10 – EL VOLUMEN – (Tema completo)
MATEMÁTICAS 6º – TEMA 10 – EL VOLUMEN CONTENIDOS Volumen de un cubo unidad. El metro cúbico: múltiplos. Volumen de ortoedros y cubos. Volumen y capacidad. Problemas.
MATEMÁTICAS 6º – TEMA 11 – ÁREAS Y VOLÚMENES – CUERPOS GEOMÉTRICOS: POLIEDROS REGULARES. ÁREAS DE PRISMAS Y PIRÁMIDES – ÁREAS DE CUERPOS REDONDOS – VOLUMEN DE PRISMAS, PIRÁMIDES Y CUERPOS REDONDOS – (Tema completo)
MATEMÁTICAS 6º – TEMA 11- ÁREAS Y VOLÚMENES CONTENIDOS
Contiene 9 paquetes de actividades: Medidas de capacidad, Medidas de longitud, Medidas de masa, Introducción a las fracciones, Fracciones propias, impropias, equivalentes y decimales, Operaciones con fracciones, Enteros, Porcentajes, Numeración romana, Superficies, Divisibilidad y Potencias. Las actividades consisten en ejercicios visuales y problemas.»
Fichas imprimibles PDF
El reloj
Sistema sexagesimal: equivalencias horas, minutos y segundos
Actividades para practicar la comparación de fracciones varios niveles de dificultad
Suma de fracciones
Recuerda que para sumar y restar fracciones de distinto denonimador, primero tienes que simplificar fracciones y reducirlas a común denominador ( por productos cruzados o por el método del (m.c.m) En las siguientes actividades repasamos cómo hacerlo.
Resta de fracciones.
Multiplicación de fracciones
Fichas imprimibles PDF con actividades y soluciones
Fichas imprimibles PDF con actividades y soluciones
División de fracciones
Pinchando en la imagen accedes a multitud de recursos de operaciones con fracciones
Pinchando en la imagen accedes a multitud de recursos de operaciones con fracciones
Fichas imprimibles PDF con actividades y soluciones
Resuelve problemas
Actividades y problemas repaso fichas PDF Ampliación problemas ESO
LENGUA 6º – TEMA 10 – PALABRAS TABÚ Y EUFEMISMOS – EL PREDICADO VERBAL Y COMPLEMENTOS – LOS DOS PUNTOS – LA NOVELA – (Tema completo)
LENGUA 6º – TEMA 10 – EL CLIMA CONTENIDOS Vocabulario: Palabras tabú y eufemismos. Gramática: El predicado verbal. Los complementos: C. directo, C. indirecto y C. circunstanciales. Ortografía: Los dos puntos. Literatura: La novela, clases de novela.
LENGUA 6º – TEMA 9 – LAS SIGLAS Y ABREVIATURAS – EL PREDICAD NOMINAL: EL ATRIBUTO – ORTOGRAFÍA COMA Y PUNTO Y COMA – TEXTOS ARGUMENTATIVOS (Tema completo)
LENGUA 6º – TEMA 9 – LA ECOLOGÍA
CONTENIDOS
Las siglas y las abreviaturas.
El predicado nomimal. El atributo.
Signos que indican pausa interna: la coma y el punto y coma.
Para hacer un reportaje debes seguir el siguiente esquema:
Introducción al tema que se va a tratar, con un lenguaje atractivo, interesante y directo.
Desarrollo amplio del contenido. El reportero da su opinión personal sobre el hecho, analizándolo, describiendo los detalles y ofreciendo una visión de carácter general.
Al redactar el reportaje hay que tener en cuenta una serie de técnicas:
Conocer claramente los hechos o el tema que sirve de base al reportaje.
Buscar información para dominar el tema totalmente.
Hacer un esquema de las principales ideas que se quieren exponer.
Escribir los primeros párrafos intentando llamar la atención del lector, de forma que el relato resulte atractivo y sugerente.
Desarrollar el tema con absoluta objetividad, procurando que no decaiga el tono del relato.
Adoptar las cualidades propias del buen reportaje: exactitud, precisión, sencillez, naturalidad, ritmo, color, corrección y propiedad.
LENGUA 6º – TEMA 7 – FORMACIÓN DE VERBOS – PREPOSICIONES, CONJUNCIONES E INTERJECCIONES – ORTOGRAFÍA «H» – TEXTOS PERIODÍSTICOS – (Tema completo)
Tipos de textos: Textos periodísticos. Tipos de textos periodísticos: Noticia, artículo y entrevista.
Dividiré el texto en cuatro entradas más una quinta con el tema completo: Parte I: Formación de verbos. Parte II: Preposiciones, conjunciones e interjecciones. Parte III: Uso de la «H». Parte IV: Textos periodísticos. Formación de verbos
The meaning of nutrition in living beings: nutrition as an exchange of matter and energy. Humans as heterotrophs.
Tercer Ciclo del Pío Baroja 
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